Background: ANKLE SPRAINs are the most common musculoskeletal injuries that occur in athletes all over the world. ANKLE SPRAINs can also cause longterm disability such as ANKLE pain, Functional ANKLE instability, postural disorders, recurrent ANKLE SPRAIN and etc.Methods: The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for ANKLE SPRAINs in 125 Irainin athletes that were divided into two groups: Healthy and Injured groups. ANKLE range of motions, Achilles Tendon’s flexibility and Calf’s size were measured and related questionnaire was completed.Results: ANKLE SPRAINs were more common in soccer, basketball and volleyball than other sports. Severe ANKLE inversion was the most common (94.4%) mechanism of ANKLE SPRAIN. Fatigue, not warming up, improper landing, ANKLE rotations were expressed by the athletes as the main reasons causing their ANKLE SPRAINs. There were no significant differences between ages, weight, height, training sessions, playing surfaces, foot wears and ANKLE SPRAINs. Most interestingly was the significant relation between balance training and ANKLE SPRAIN prevention (P value=0.00574).Conclusion: The intrinsic factors such as fatigue, not warming up, improper landing were most common risk factors for ANKLE SPRAIN in Iranian athletes. One of the main findings of the present study was the positive role of balance training as a key factor in prevention of ANKLE SPRAINs.

Background: ANKLE injuries are among the most prevalent injuries with which a physician may encounter. In this study, the efficiency of the functional treatment was compared with the immobilization treatment in healing the acute ANKLE SPRAIN.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was carried out on 100 male patients whose ANKLE SPRAIN had been diagnosed by Yasuj Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Using block allocation randomization method and regardless of damage degree, patients were divided into two groups, functional method (1 st group) or immobilization with plaster (2nd group), for treatment. Several variables such as range of motion, pain intensity, inflammation, joint tenderness and returning to work after 2, 6 and 12 weeks were examined.Results: After two weeks, the average pain intensity in the first group (33.2±3.2) has been decreased compared to the second group (55±1.2), which showed a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). The average ANKLE range of motion in the first and second groups was 29.08±1.2 degrees and 20.4±2.2 degrees, respectively which had been increased significantly in the first group compared to the second group (p<0.03). Similarly, a considerable difference was observed in decreased inflammation and tenderness in the first group compared to the second one.Conclusion: In acute ANKLE SPRAINs, the functional treatment is better than the immobilization treatment in alleviating pain, inflammation and improving the range of joint motion.

Objectives: ANKLE orthoses are one of the interventions used to prevent first and repeated lateral ANKLE SPRAINs. We conducted this systematic review of the literature to investigate the effect of ANKLE orthoses on postural control in individuals with acute, chronic, or functional ANKLE SPRAINs. Methods: Three electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) were searched for experimental studies using predefined keywords. We used the PRISMA method to select articles. Initially, the articles were examined for inclusion criteria and then assessed for their quality based on the physiotherapy evidence database scale. Results: In the initial search, we retrieved 156 articles. After following the steps of the PRISMA flowchart and reviewing the entire text, only 14 reports met the inclusion criteria of this study. We extracted data from population, intervention, and outcome measures. Discussion: Overall, ANKLE orthoses were effective in improving the static postural control of patients with lateral ANKLE SPRAINs; however, the dynamic postural control results were unclear. Since most people who experience lateral ANKLE SPRAINs have both functional and mechanical instability, ANKLE orthoses may affect both types of instability and thereby improve postural control.

ANKLE SPRAINs are among the most common injuries in athletes and Military Recruits. High BMI, previous history of ANKLE SPRAIN, poor muscle strength, proprioceptive deficits, limitation in ROM and balance are important Risk factors for ANKLE SPRAIN. Recent studies have shown that external support such as brace and tape significantly reduces the risk of primary and recurrent ANKLE SPRAINs in athletes and Military personal without interfering in function. Balance, coordination and proprioceptive training exercises also have reduced the risk of primary and recurrent ANKLE SPRAIN. External support and balance training have been causing the injured person return to exercise and work sooner and therefore reduced the risk of osteoarthritis and other complications. Thus, considering the risk factors and prevention strategies can be effective in reducing the incidence of ANKLE SPRAIN and its complications. The purpose of this review is information of provide about risk factors and strategies for the prevention of ANKLE SPRAINs.